Hi Lee

Please read to following articles to be well informed how to make changes :

Custom CSS will help you to write Custom CSS for your site.

To write custom code for you theme you can read the article Add Custom Code to function.php

1) Change the Color of widget title

.widget-area .widget-title, .widget-area .widgettitle, .column--sidebar .widget>h2 { 
    color : #dd3333 !important;
}

2) Change color of dots

/*Aktive/Current Dot*/
.flex-control-paging li a.flex-active {
    background: #f00;
    background: rgba(255, 0, 0, 0.9);
    cursor: default;
}
/*Normal Dots*/
.flex-control-paging li a{
    background: #f00;
    background: rgba(255, 0, 0, 0.9);
}

3) 

3.1) To have shorter title is not possible, requires code on them to be editit.

3.2) To have Shorter Excerpt, please add the code below to function.php

function kalium_custom_excerpt_length( $length ) {
    return 10; //this will be length of words
}
add_filter( 'excerpt_length', 'kalium_custom_excerpt_length', 999 );

Hi lee

Can you try to play around with properties Custom Skin Area.

Hi Lee

Try it is worthy.

Hi lee

Please read the article how to build your own skin. and give a try to make some changes on your custom skin and you will be able to do changes whenever you want.